Reinforced concrete construction.



Patented Feb.3,1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

. HULTQUIST.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 16, 191s.

REIFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

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. J. HULTQUIST.

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, C Ti INVENTOR I I I "pl wrTNsssEs VICTOR T. HULTQUIsT, or BELLEVUE, PENNSYLVANIA.- l

BEINEoRcED lCONCRETE CoNsTRtcTI'oN.

Application med January 1e, 1913. serial No. 742,376.

To all 'whom 'Zt may Aconcern j Be it known that I, VICTOR J. HULTQUTST, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bellevue, in the count-y of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Reinforced Concrete Constructions, Aof, which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the art of reinfo-rced concrete construction, and particu-l larly to roof or loor construction.

The invention has in view to provide a roof or floorI structure composed of a series of concrete slabs laid edgewise upon suitable supporting framework, as structural steel, concrete beams, etc., embodying reinforcing elements, as net work, expanded metal, or the like, bodily incorporated with the slabs, project-ing edgewise therefrom, and making overlapping engagement at the joints, the slabs being constructed and assembled in the manner more-fully hereinafter set forth.

The invention also embodiesvarious features of detail construction as illustrated in the drawings and described herein, and embodied in the appended claims.

Preferred forms of the invention are illusi trated in the drawings in which- Figure 1 represents in plan view one of the slabs showing the reinforcing members projecting from its several edges. Fig. 2 is an edge View of the slab in elevation. Fig. 3 is a plan vi'ew showing the adjacent corners of four slabs as arranged in assemblingthem together. Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross sectional view of the meeting edges of two adjacent slabs supported on the structural frame and provided with a joint {illing. Fig. 5 is a similar view showing the.

edge of a slab of a modified construction. Figs. 6 and 7 are similar views showing further moditied constructions embodying arresting brackets for use with an inclined roof structure. Fig. 8 is a further enlarged sectional view showing the slab provided with a sky-light. Fig. 9 is a similar sectional view showing the meeting edges or joint of the slabs provided with an expansion member. Figs. 10, 11 and 12 are views in plan, side elevation and end elevation respectively, of such expansion mern'ber. Fig. 13 is a detail view of a portion of one of the reinforcing members cut or4 slit at intervals to provide the several tongue members. Fig. 14 is a sectional view similar to Fig. .4, showing a modified constructionin Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 3, 1914.

which the projecting reinforcing edges do not overlap, but are connected by a supplemental binder member. Fig. 15 is a similar view showing the use with the filling substance, of a supplemental facing. Fig. 16 is a similar view showing a further modification employing series of projecting hooked reinforcements with means connecting them. Fig. 17 is a detail plan view of a joint constructed in accordancewith the arrangement shown in Fig. 16. Fig. 18 is a detail view showing a corner of a slab of modified construction made with series of alternating projecting ledges and spaces. Fig. 19 is a sectional View of a joint made of the slab construction illustrated in Fig. 18. Fig. 2O is a detail plan view further illustrating such construction and showing the `arrangement of the overlapping metallic reinforcing edges.

The invention is particularly applicable f to the provision of a continuous roof or floor construction having sufficient strength and Arigidity for t-he usual. strains and to this end it consists of a. plurality of rectangular slabs or sections 2 of the desired size, each having embedded in its body portion, and preferably vas close to the bottom thereof as may be efficiently located, a transverse reinforcing member 3 of wire netting, expanded metal, or the like.

Each slab is provided around its bottom portion with a lateral projecting comparatively narrow ledge or vflange 4 extending beyond the main'slab section 2, the edge wall of which is sloped upwardly and outwardly, as indicated at 5', so as to provide a dovetai'l-shaped cavity between adjacent projecting edges of assembled slabs when arrangedy in close relation to each other, as shown.

The reinforcing member 3 extends later-- ally beyond the main body portion of the slab at each of its sides and ends, providing the overlapping and interlocking terminals 6, except at diagonally opposite corners where the said terminal portions are cut out,

as indicated at a, Figs. 1 and 3, for clearance. Thus, in setting four of the slabs together, it is desirable to limit the overlap of the projecting portions of the reinforcing elements to two members or thicknesses at any joint, the co-action of two such members opposing strains in opposite directions being sufficient when held in tpositive gripping engagement by the joint'flling sectionv between the edges of the s labs.

For the purpose of providing supplemental reinforcing .portions of the main web element 3, for the projecting edges 4, the webbing 3 is cut or slitted at intervals around its edge portion, as indicated at 7, providing a series of partly separated sections or tongues 8 and corresponding openings 9 extending adjacent to, but not entirely to the outer edge of projecting part G, which is thus left continuous, -as clearly shown in Fig. 13. By` this construction, when the several tonguesl are bent downwardly and embedded in the lower portions of the projecting ledges 4, as clearly shown, the ledges are substantially reinforced and rigidly connected with the main reinforcing member.

The same effect may beI provided by connecting separate additional reinforcing eX- tensions of the main web 3 adapted to cccupy the same position and operate in the same way as the integral tongues 8. The slabs, as thus made, are laid closely adjacent to each other with the projecting reinforcing edges 6 overlapping and closely adjacent to each other, slightly above the surface of the also projecting ledges 4, and within the surrounding dovetail-shaped cavity formed by the converging walls 5, intersecting at the corners. These cavities are then filled with any suitable cementitious material, as cement or concrete 9, which is poured into the joint spaces, smoothed at the top, and allowed to harden, completely embedding the overlapping reinforcing members, as clearly shown in Fig. 4, and as will be readily understood. If desired, one or more supplemental reinforcing members 10, as wires or other suitable devices, may be laid longitudinally within the cavity, being also completely embedded in the filling 9', and tying the entire structure integrally together.

It will be understood that the meeting edges of the slabs are supported by parallel supports of any suitable means, as channels or other structural members 11, the rightangled joints of each slab between such parallelv supports requiring no support, eX- cept their engagement the one with the other, each slab spanning the distance in the manner of an arch between the adjacent structural supports 11.

For the purpose of lightening the construction, each slab is preferably hollowed Yout at its middle under portion, as indicated at 12, within interior shoulders 13 set back a suiiicient distance fromthe bottom of thedovetail cavity. By this arrangement the strength of the slab and the reinforcing action of the metal member 3 is amply maintained, while removing any surplus Weight without reducing the efliciency and strength of the slab. j

In Fig. 5, I show a modified construction lin which the inner sloping wall of each slab is interrupted, as by an .intermediate shoulder 14, thereby interposing one or more of such shoulders against the line of shear and overcoming any tendency to shear resulting from the contlnuous line of the slope, which is thus divlded sectionally into a pluralityr of walls 5a, 5a. Fig. 5 also shows an abutting shoulder or ledge 15 which may extend along the under side of the slab and be of inserted metal or molded material of the slab itself, and which will operate as a limiting abutment for engagement of the supporting frame, when the slab ris mounted at a slope or inclination, as a roof structure.

Fig. 6. shows a similar construction in structural framing 11, as will be readily understood.

In Fig. 8 I show a modified construction of the slab arranged to provide for the reception of a sky-light glass 19. In this form of the invention the middle portion of the slab is left open, as indicated at 20, recessed around its inner edges, as indicated at 21, to provide a receiving cavity for the edges of the light, .and further recessed, as indicated at 22 above inwardly extending ledge 23, providing a gutter for receiving water of condensation below the glass. The inwardly projecting ledge 23 extends entirely around the interior of the cavity 20 and is preferably reinforced by an embedded wire 24 or other suitable member.

The sky-light glass 19 is laid in channel 21 embedded in putty or cement 25, which is preferably covered by a metal flash strip 26 of copper or other suitable material, held in place by screws 27 set into embedded sockets in the slab at suitable intervals. The slab otherwise is substantially the same in construction, embodying the reinforcing members above described, the projecting edges 4a being slightly sloped or tapered, if desired,

as indicated at 28, forlightness and symmetry.

Fig. 9 shows in cross sectional arrangement the edges of adjacent slabs which are provided with an expansion member 29 for taking care of expansion where the roof is long or continuous. In such cases I employ at suitable joints the expansion member bent into the shape of an inverted U, as shown, made of sheet metal and having its lower edges extending outwardly and turned upwardly,as indicated at 30, the opposite side walls being preferably punched or bent outl to form engaging lugs 31. The slabs in such construction are not butted closely together by their projecting ledges 4, but a space 32 is preferably left between these ledgesfso that when the dovetailed cavity is lled by the filling 9a at each side of the expansion member, sufficient space is allowed for any resulting expansion or contraction. The form of the expansion member and its manner of mounting amply provides for the desired results, maintaining the edges of the adjacent slabs in substantial continuous formation.

In Fig. 14, the reinforcing members 3b of slabs 2b extend laterally over the projecting ledges 4b, but not beyond their outermost edge portions, extending preferably not quite to the edge thereof. In such construction I employ a supplemental anchoring layer 32 of suitable metal reinforcing construction, laid along over the top of the` projecting portions 6b, the dovetailed space being filled by the ller 9b in the same manner as above described. The'slabotherwise is of the same general construction, having the downwardly deflected laterally extended reinforcing members 8b extending out through ,the body portion of projections 4b, the slabs when assembled operating to maintain the load and provide a rigid resisting structure, as above set forth.

Fig. 15 shows the same general construction as illustrated in Fig. 4, the reinforcing members 3 overlapping each other. embedded in the filler 9, which however does not completely fill the dovetailed cavities. For the purpose of providing a finishing surface, the upper portion of the cavity is provided with a filler 33 of any suitable covering material as a bituminous substance adapted to provide a suiiicient degree of resiliency of cushioning effect.

InFig. 16 the reinforcing members 3c extend outwardly through the slab 2C in the same manner as previously described, lbut are preferably madeI as to these extended portions, of a single member,-as wires or rods 34, having terminal hooks .35, the main embedded reinforcing members 2 being of any desired construction. These projecting members are of such a length as to lclosely approach each other when the slabs are-assembled together and are tied together by lacing wires or rods 36 wound alternately in the manner shown inv Fig. 17, and tightly connecting all the reinforcing members andv Vslabs together. The slabs, as to their projecting ledges 4' and the reinforcements 8c thereof, and in other respects are substan-y tially the same as the standard slabs heretofore described.

In Fig. 18 I show a portion of a lslab 2.d of modified construction, in which the project- -t-he projections 4 are sufliciently wide to completely fill the space at the bottom of the dovetailed cavity,

being arranged in alternating location between intervening open spaces adapted to receive the corresponding projecting ledges of the adjacent slab, as will be readily understood. In this construction the main slab formation is continuous, as before, and-the reinforcing members 3d-extendlaterally beyond the main slab for substantially the full width of the space and of the alternating ledges, as indicated at 8d, overlapping each other and embedded in the ller 9d in the same manner. The arrangement` of the slabs and their intertting parts and of the overlapping reinforcement is more fully shown in Fig. 20.

It will be understood that the slabs'are to be made of the necessary thickness and strength as to theirreinforcing elements in proportion to their lateralv dimensions and according to the load to be carried. They are nfanufactured by means of any suitable molding apparatus; they constitute units which are easily stored 0r shipped and `han dled, and are capable of incorporation in a building and in connection with any suitable supporting framework for I,the construction of roof, floor or wall surfaces having the various advantages and features ofl utility usual in concrete construction, together with the added advantages of great strength and rigidity, cheapness of construction, and economy in cost. v

An especial advantage of the invention is that, when'the slabs are assembled and the joints filled with suitable material, asidescribed, I provide a completely waterproof construction, avoiding the'necessity of any supplemental roofing material or other covering. The slabs may also, if. desired, be treated with, any suitable waterproofingsubstance or facing.

It will be understood that the specific shape, form, design, proportions or other features of the invention may be changed or varied by the skilled mechanic, but that all such changes are to be considered as within the scope of the following claims.

What I cla-im is:

1. In reinforced concrete construction, a

lis

slab unit consisting of a body of concrete having main inwardly beveled upper edge portions and laterally extending lower ledges providing lateral angular cavities, and continuous reinforcing web members embedded in the main body portion and having deflected reinforcing web members extending laterally into said ledges, substantially as set forth.

2. In reinforced concrete construction, a

slab unit consisting of a body of concrete having an upper edge portion providedwith a plurality of inwardly beveled faces' disposed in the same general direction and divided by an intervening offset shoulder and having laterally extending lower ledges providing a series of surrounding lateral angular cavities, and continuous reinforcing web members embedded in the main body portion and having deflected reinforcing web members extending laterally into said ledges, substantially as set forth.

3. In reinforced concrete construction, a

lslab unit consisting of a body of concrete having main inwardly beveled upper edge portions and laterally extending lower ledges providing lateral angular cavities, and continuous reinforcing web members embedded in the main body portion extending outwardly through the edge portion of the slab over the surface of the ledges, and havin deflected reinforcing webmembers exten ing laterally into said ledges, substantially as set forth.

4. In reinforced concrete construction, a slab unit consisting of a body of 'concrete having main inwardly beveled upper edge portions and laterally extending lower ledges Iproviding lateral angular cavities, the outer portion of the slab being increased in thickness, and continuous reinforcing web members embedded in the main body portion and having deflected reinforcing web members extending laterally through the outer thickened portion of the slab into said ledges, substantially as set forth.

5. A slab unit of reinforced concrete having a main body portion providing `a continuous smooth upper surface, its edge po-rtions being thickened and inwardly beveled at one side and provided with laterally eX- tending ledges, and continuous metallic reinforcing web members embedded in the lower thickened portion of the slab and extending laterally into said ledge downwardly beyond the plane of the middle bottomv portion of the slab and having portions extending through the edge of the slab over and beyond the surface of the laterally eX- tending ledges, substantially as set forth.

6. In reinforced concrete construction, a plurality of floor or roof slabs having inwardly beveled and laterally extended abutting edge portions providing intervening dovetail cavities and each provided with continuous embedded reinforcing web members extending laterally through lthe botto-m portions of said cavities and overlapping therein and provided with deflected reinforcing l web members extending through said abutting edge portions respectively, and a filling of suitable material in said cavities embodying said overlapping reinforcing terminal portions, substantially as set forth.

7. A reinforced concrete slab having a main inwardly beveled upper edge portion and a lower laterally` extending abuttin ledge portion, and provided with embedde reinforcing members extending bodily through the lower portion of the slab outwardly through said ledge portions, and ad ditional reinforcing members extending through the. beveled edge portions over and beyond the upper surface of the abutting ledge portions respectively, said projecting reinforcing members being continuous at two diagonally opposite c-orners and cut away for clearance at intervening diagonally opposite corners of the slab, substantially as set forth.

8. In reinforced concrete construction, the combination of a plurality of slabs having lower abutting reinforcedprojecting ledges and upper inwardly 'beveled edge portions, continuous reinforcing metallic web menibers embedded in the slabs extending laterally above said ledges, means connecting the extended portions of said reinforcing members, and a filling of suitable material hetween the edges of the slabs embodying said members, substantially as set forth.

9. In reinforced concrete construction, the combination of a plurality of slabs having lower abutting reinforced projecting ledges and upper inwardly beveled edge portions, continuous metallic web members embedded in the slabs extending laterally above said ledges, supplemental metallic reinforcing members interlaced with said laterally extending portions, and a filling of suitable material between the edges of the slabs embodying said members and portions, sub-4 VICTOR J. HULTQUIST. Witnesses C. M. CLARKE, FREDK. S'rAUB. 

